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The Teatro Municipal (Municipal Theatre) of Rio de Janeiro is located in Cinelândia (Praça Marechal Floriano) in Centro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Built on principles of twentieth century, it is one of the most beautiful and important theatres in the country.
The activity was theatrical in the second half of nineteenth centuryVery intense in the city of Rio de Janeiro, then capital of the country. Still, the city did not have a room full of shows that corresponded to this activity and that was the height of the capital. Its two theaters, the Lyric and St. Peter, were criticized for their facilities, either by the public either by the companies that worked on them.
After Proclamation of the Brazilian Republic (1889) In 1894 playwright Arthur Azevedo launched a campaign for a new theater was built to host a local company, to be created along the lines of Comédie Française. However, in those hectic days, the campaign resulted in only one Municipal Law, which ordered the construction of the Municipal Theater. This law was not enforced, despite the existence of a levy to finance the work. Note that the new tax revenue that was never used for the construction of the theater.
It would be necessary to wait until the dawn of twentieth century when it was built, would represent a symbol of the project republican to the then capital of Brazil. At the time, then-Mayor Pereira Passos launched a major upgrade of the city center, opening from 1903The Central Avenue (Now Avenida Rio Branco) shaped the image of boulevards Paris and flanked by magnificent examples of eclectic architecture.
In this context, we carried out a tender for the construction of a new theater, which emerged victorious from the project Francisco de Oliveira Passos (Son of then-mayor, Francisco Pereira Passos), Which had the cooperation of French Albert Guilbert, With a design inspired by the Paris OperaOf Charles Garnier.
The building was begun in 1905 on a foundation of 1,180 poles wood rooted in Groundwater. To decorate the building have been called the most important painters and sculptors of the time as Eliseu Visconti, Rodolfo Amoedo and brothers Bernardelli. European artisans were also recruited to run stained glass and mosaics.
Finally, four and a half years later - a record time for the work that took the relay from 280 workers in two shifts - day July 14 of 1909 was inaugurated by President Nilo Pecanha Theatro Municipal do Rio de Janeiro, which had capacity for 1739 spectators. Serzedelo Correa was then the mayor of the city.
In 1934, with the observation that the theater was small for the size of the population of the city that had grown much, the room's capacity was increased to 2,205 seats. The work, despite its complexity, was held in three months, record time for the season. Later, with some modifications, it was the current number of 2,361 places.
The Theater was closed on October 19, 1975 for restoration works and modernization of its facilities and reopened in March 15, 1978. In the same year was created the Central Technical Production, responsible for all of the shows running from the house.
In 1996, Began the construction of the annex building. The objective was to unburden the theater of the tests for showsThat, with intense activity programming throughout the year, was small for them and also to house the bodies artistic dignity.
With the inauguration of the building, the Choir, Orchestra and Ballet gained new rehearsal rooms and enough space for their artistic practices.
In the theater today are mostly made programs dance and soft music. In its early days if it had only foreign companies and orchestras - especially those Italian and French - until, in 1931 Was created Municipal Symphonic Orchestra of Rio de Janeiro. Among the personalities that were presented there are: Arturo Toscanini, Sarah Bernhardt, Bidu Sayao, Eliane Coelho, Heitor Villa-Lobos, Igor Stravinsky, Paul Hindemith, Alexander Brailowsky among others. Today the home houses the Petrobras Symphony Orchestra and the Brazilian Symphony Orchestra.
The building is designed in an eclectic style, inspired by the Paris Opéra designed by Charles Garnier. The house has almost 1,700 seats distributed on four levels. The outside walls are inscribed with names of significant people in Brazilian and international culture. The theatre is located near the National Library and the National Fine Arts Museum. It overlooks the spacious Cinelândia Square.
At the beginning of the 20th century century Brazil's former capital underwent a reurbanisation plan conducted by mayor Francisco Pereira Passos in order to make the city the shining example of modernity in the country. The project of a theatre that would enable the city to present operas and concerts was in the mind of the reurbanization's planners. The building was constructed on Avenida Central (Central Avenue), nowadays Avenida Rio Branco, right by the seafront at the time.
The theater's interior is as luxurious as the facadesWith sculptures of Henrique Bernardelli and paintings of Rodolfo Amoedo and Eliseu Visconti, The latter responsible for the majestic drop curtain, the frieze on the proscenium, the "ceiling" (roof over the audience) and the decorations from the ceiling of the foyer. " The restaurant AssíriusIn the basement of the theater, has the peculiarity of having a style decor Assyrian.
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